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Compare Holy See (Vatican City) (2003) - New Caledonia (2001)
Compare Holy See (Vatican City) (2003) z New Caledonia (2001)
| Holy See (Vatican City) (2003) | New Caledonia (2001) | |
-2003-bmala.jpg) |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none | none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years:
30.31% (male 31,674; female 30,416) 15-64 years: 63.95% (male 66,014; female 65,006) 65 years and over: 5.74% (male 5,548; female 6,205) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products |
| Airports | none (2002) | 29 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total:
6 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
23 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 11 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 0.44 sq km
land: 0.44 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | slightly smaller than New Jersey |
| Background | Popes in their secular role ruled portions of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid 19th century, when many of the Papal States were seized by the newly united Kingdom of Italy. In 1870, the pope's holdings were further circumscribed when Rome itself was annexed. Disputes between a series of "prisoner" popes and Italy were resolved in 1929 by three Lateran Treaties, which established the independent state of Vatican City and granted Roman Catholicism special status in Italy. In 1984, a concordat between the Holy See and Italy modified certain of the earlier treaty provisions, including the primacy of Roman Catholicism as the Italian state religion. Present concerns of the Holy See include the failing health of Pope John Paul II, interreligious dialogue and reconciliation, and the application of church doctrine in an era of rapid change and globalization. About 1 billion people worldwide profess the Catholic faith. | Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated. |
| Birth rate | - | 20.37 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $173.5 million
expenditures: $176.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001) |
revenues:
$861.3 million expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.) |
| Capital | Vatican City | Noumea |
| Climate | temperate; mild, rainy winters (September to mid-May) with hot, dry summers (May to September) | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 2,254 km |
| Constitution | Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1 March 1968) | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: The Holy See (State of the Vatican City)
conventional short form: Holy See (Vatican City) local long form: Santa Sede (Stato della Citta del Vaticano) local short form: Santa Sede (Citta del Vaticano) |
conventional long form:
Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie |
| Currency | euro (EUR) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF) |
| Death rate | - | 5.62 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $79 million (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | - | overseas territory of France since 1956 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador R. James "Jim" NICHOLSON
embassy: Villa Domiziana, Via delle Terme Deciane 26, 00153 Rome mailing address: PSC 59, Box 66, APO AE 09624 telephone: [39] (06) 4674-3428 FAX: [39] (06) 5758346 |
none (overseas territory of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Apostolic Nuncio Archbishop Gabriel MONTALVO
chancery: 3339 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 333-7121 FAX: [1] (202) 337-4036 |
none (overseas territory of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu |
| Economic aid - recipient | none | $880 million annual subsidy from France |
| Economy - overview | This unique, noncommercial economy is supported financially by an annual tax on Roman Catholic dioceses throughout the world, as well as by special collections (known as Peter's Pence); the sale of postage stamps, coins, medals, and tourist mementos; fees for admission to museums; and the sale of publications. Investments and real estate income also account for a sizable portion of revenue. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome. | New Caledonia has more than 20% of the world's known nickel resources. In recent years, the economy has suffered because of depressed international demand for nickel, the principal source of export earnings. Only a negligible amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, the substantial financial support from France and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. The situation in 1998 was clouded by the spillover of financial problems in East Asia and by lower prices for nickel. Nickel prices jumped in 1999-2000, and large additions were made to capacity. French Government interests in the New Caledonian nickel industry are being transferred to local ownership. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 1.414 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 1.52 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
78.95% hydro: 21.05% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: unnamed location 19 m
highest point: unnamed location 75 m |
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: none of the selected agreements
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution, Environmental Modification |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Italians, Swiss, other | Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.1324 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 127.11 (January 2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998), 106.11 (1997), 93.00 (1996); note - linked at the rate of 119.25 XPF to the euro |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Pope JOHN PAUL II (since 16 October 1978)
head of government: Secretary of State Cardinal Angelo SODANO (since 2 December 1990) cabinet: Pontifical Commission appointed by the pope elections: pope elected for life by the College of Cardinals; election last held 16 October 1978 (next to be held after the death of the current pope); secretary of state appointed by the pope election results: Karol WOJTYLA elected pope |
chief of state:
President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Thierry LATASTE (since 19 July 1999) head of government: President of the Government Jean LEQUES (since 28 May 1999) cabinet: Consultative Committee elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress |
| Exports | 0 kWh | $411 million (f.o.b., 1999) |
| Exports - commodities | - | ferronickels, nickel ore, fish |
| Exports - partners | - | Japan 27%, France 17%, Taiwan 12%, South Korea 9% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | two vertical bands of yellow (hoist side) and white with the crossed keys of Saint Peter and the papal miter centered in the white band | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $3 billion (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture:
4% industry: 30% services: 66% (1997 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $15,000 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 3.5% (1998 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 41 54 N, 12 27 E | 21 30 S, 165 30 E |
| Geography - note | urban; landlocked; enclave in Rome, Italy; world's smallest state; outside the Vatican City, 13 buildings in Rome and Castel Gandolfo (the pope's summer residence) enjoy extraterritorial rights | - |
| Heliports | 1 (2002) | 6 (2000 est.) |
| Highways | none; all city streets | total:
4,825 km paved: 2,287 km unpaved: 2,538 km (1999) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by Italy | $843 million (f.o.b., 1999) |
| Imports - commodities | - | transport equipment, machinery and electrical equipment, fuels, minerals, wine, sugar, rice |
| Imports - partners | - | France 49%, Australia 14%, Singapore 6%, New Zealand 5%, US 5% (1999) |
| Independence | 11 February 1929 (from Italy)
note: on 11 February 1929, three treaties were signed with Italy which, among other things, recognized the full sovereignty of the Vatican and established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may be traced back to the 8th century |
none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | -0.6% (1996) |
| Industries | printing; production of coins, medals, postage stamps, a small amount of mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities | nickel mining and smelting |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 8.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 1.5% (1998 est.) |
| International organization participation | CE (observer), IAEA, ICFTU, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM (guest), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNHCR, UPU, WHO (observer), WIPO, WToO (observer), WTrO (observer) | ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | NA | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | 160 sq km (1991) |
| Judicial branch | there are three tribunals responsible for civil and criminal matters within Vatican City; three other tribunals rule on issues pertaining to the Holy See
note: judicial duties were established by the Motu Proprio of Pius XII on 1 May 1946 |
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court |
| Labor force | NA | 79,395 (including 15, 018 unemployed, 1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | essentially services with a small amount of industry; note - dignitaries, priests, nuns, guards, and 3,000 lay workers live outside the Vatican | agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total: 3.2 km
border countries: Italy 3.2 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (1998 est.) |
arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 12% forests and woodland: 39% other: 49% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Italian, Latin, French, various other languages | French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects |
| Legal system | based on Code of Canon Law and revisions to it | the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Pontifical Commission | unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1 note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 27 September 1992 (next to be held NA September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May-1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population:
73.02 years male: 70.08 years female: 76.11 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: 100% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 91% male: 92% female: 90% (1976 est.) |
| Location | Southern Europe, an enclave of Rome (Italy) | Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia |
| Map references | Europe | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Italy; Swiss Papal Guards are posted at entrances to the Vatican City to provide security and protect the Pope | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | Swiss Guards Corps (Corpo della Guardia Svizzera) | French Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $192.3 million (1996) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 5.3% (1996) |
| National holiday | Coronation Day of Pope JOHN PAUL II, 22 October (1978) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: none
adjective: none |
noun:
New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian |
| Natural hazards | NA | cyclones, most frequent from November to March |
| Natural resources | none | nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper |
| Net migration rate | - | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Alliance pour la Caledonie [Didier LEROUX]; Developper Ensemble pour Construire l'Avenir or DEPCA [Robert FROUIN]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Leopald SOREDIE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Groupe de l'Alliance Multiraciale or GAM [Dany DALMAYRAE]; Independance et Progres [Alphonse PUJAPUJANE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [Rock WAMYTAN] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); La Caledonie Autrement [Denis MILLIARD]; Loyalty Islands Development Front or FDIL [Cono HAMU]; National Front or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Charles WASHETINE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [leader NA]; Renouveau [Thierry VALET]; Socialist Kanak Liberation or LKS [Nidoish NAISSELINE]; Union Caledonienne or UC [Bernard LEPEU]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Andre GOPEA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none (exclusive of influence exercised by church officers) | NA |
| Population | 911 (July 2003 est.) | 204,863 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.01% (2003 est.) | 1.48% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none | Mueo, Noumea, Thio |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 2 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 107,000 (1997) |
| Railways | total: 0.86 km
standard gauge: 0.86 km 1.435-m gauge note: a spur of the Italian Railways system, serving Rome's Saint Peter's station (2001 est.) |
0 km |
| Religions | Roman Catholic | Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | limited to cardinals less than 80 years old | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: automatic exchange
domestic: tied into Italian system international: uses Italian system |
general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 47,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 13,040 (1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1996) | 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | low hill | coastal plains with interior mountains |
| Total fertility rate | - | 2.48 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | 19% (1996) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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